Gasoline Direct Injection

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??????????????????? Fuel supply system in Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engines plays an important role in the output power of an engine as well as its performance in terms of fuel consumption. For many years, carburetor systems are used for the spark ignition engines. Fuel injection method has proved to be a good alternative in terms of lower emissions and better fuel consumption compared to the carburetor systems. Earlier (before 1990) due to high initial cost, fuel injection system was used only in aircraft engines and racing cars only. But now, due to pressure to control air pollution and because of advantages of better power fuel economy, gasoline I njection is being offered in large number of Spark Ignition Engines. In this paper an attempt is made to compare the different types of fuel supply systems for Spark Ignition Engines with special focus given on fuel injection systems (MPFI & GDI).



In recent years, legislative and market requirements have driven the need to reduce fuel consumption while meeting increasingly stringent exhaust emissions. This trend has dictated increasing complexity in automotive engines and new approaches to engine design. A key research objective for the automotive engineering community has been the potential combination of gasoline-engine specific power with diesel-like engine efficiency in a cost-competitive, production-feasible power train. One promising engine development route for achieving these goals is the potential application of lean burn direct injection (DI) for gasoline engines. In carburetors the fuel is sucked due to the pressure difference caused by the incoming air. This will affect the functioning of the carburetor when density changes in air are appreciable. There was a brief period of electronically controlled carburetor, but it was abandoned due to its complex nature. On the other hand in fuel injection the fuel is injected into the air.

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